FARISEH GREEN (FARĪSEH)
In four references Resāleh-ye Joharrieh (837 AH/1433 A.D.) and Resāleh Dar Bayān-e Kāğaḏ Morakkab va Ḥall-e Alvān (15th century), Golzār-e Ṣafā (950 A.H./1543 A.D.), and Ḵaṭ va Morakkab (978 A.H./1571 A.D.), the way of making farīseh dye, a kind of blue-green, is described.
The first two 15th century sources Resāleh-ye Joharrieh (837 AH/1433 A.D.) and Resāleh Dar Bayān-e Kāğaḏ Morakkab va Ḥall-e Alvān (15th century), describe the technique in identical manner as follows:
رنگ فریسه، قدری آب مازو و کبودک با هم بیامیزد، و یکروز بگذارد؛ تا صاف شود، کاغذ بدان رنگ کنند
For making "farīsah," mix gall (māzu) juice with a bit of blue indigo (kabudak) and let it sit for one full day until it settles. Dye the paper in this mixture.
The same recipe is described in Golzār-e Ṣafā (950 A.H./1543 A.D.), by Ali Seyrafi in beautiful poetry, and it is added that calligraphy becomes very nice and elegant on the paper dyed with this colour:
خوش بود رنگ فریسه اي دوست خط برين گونه لطيف و دلجوست
آبِ مازو و كبودك با هم چاشني گير و بكن جانا ضم
رنگ كن كاغذ و پس خشك نما به شب و روزي بگذارش يكجا
The color of farīsah dye, my friend, is fair,
On paper, calligraphy takes an elegant air.
Mix gall juice and indigo blue with care,
Let it rest for a day, a blend so rare.
In the day and night, let it patiently stay,
Dye your paper, let it dry, a masterpiece in the display.
Another 16th century source Ḵaṭ va Morakkab (16th century), Hossein Aqili Rostamdari describe the same recipe and add to dry the paper in the shade after dyeing:
چون کسی خواهد که رنگ فریسه کند باید که آب مازو و کبودک را با هم ضم کند و یک شبانه روز در جایها بنهد و بعد از آن بیاورد و هر چه خواهد رنگ کند و در سایه خشک کند
If someone intends to create farīsah dye, they should mix gall juice (māzu) and blue indigo (kabudak) together and allow the mixture to settle for a full day and night in a designated place. After this period, the papers can be retrieved and dyed according to one's preference. The final step involves drying the dyed papers in the shade, completing the process.
Note: Whether the term kabudak may refer to turnsole is under investigation.
Experiment:
Take 1 gram of gallnut and grind it to make a fine powder. Then boil it in 20 ml of water, stirring continuously for 10 minutes. Afterward, filter the gallnut to obtain the extract and add it gradually to blue indigo until you achieve the desired green shade of colour.